Thulium

Thulium holds minimal astronomical significance owing to its relatively lower cosmic abundance and challenges associated with its detection in celestial realms. As part of the lanthanide group, thulium emerges during rapid neutron capture (r-process) events within stars, particularly in phenomena like supernovae and neutron star mergers. Despite its formation during such cosmic events, thulium is considered less abundant compared to more prevalent elements within the universe. The potential presence of thulium's spectral lines across specific wavelengths, conceivably within sections of the ultraviolet spectrum, presents substantial hurdles in its detection and comprehensive analysis within cosmic environments. Observing or identifying thulium in interstellar space or within stars remains exceptionally difficult due to its limited abundance, resulting in minimal or undetectable contributions to observed chemical compositions in cosmic domains.